The viticulture history in the Mikulov region began 2 thousand years ago. The wine was brought by the Romans to the region in the beginning of our era. Their legions had a camp in the area of Mušov near to the current Nové Mlýny Reservoirs, this was probably a branch of the Trenčín garrison (there is a famous Roman inscription inscribed in the rock of that time). In Mikulov, there is the first acknowledged vineyard in the Czech Republic, it is the vineyard Turold acknowledged around 1200. The wine cellars in Mikulov can be proud of a really historic dating: the owner of the Mikulov landed estate, the duke Maxmilian of Dietrichstein (1596–1655) ordered the construction of the giant wine barrel in the Mikulov chateau. The Mikulov viticulture region spreads between the border with Lower Austria, Pohořelice and Valtice and covers the western and north-western parts of the district. Mainly remarkable is the territory of the Protection Landscape Area Pálava with its lime content of the soil and the unique micro climate.
Mainly the white wine varieties reach high quality here, e.g. Wallachian Riesling, Veltlín Green, Ruland White, Chardonnay, Sauvignon and Rhine Riesling, but in the last time also even the blue wine varieties, e.g. Frankovka or Cabernet Sauvignon. It has to be mentioned that the most of the almost 600 hectares of vineyards on the CHKO (Protection Landscape Area) territory were transformed to the so called integrated cultivation system, which is thanks to the minimum chemical protection much more considerate to the environment and to the vineyard. More
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